The ego is caught in a quandary. It likes to be inflated but it does not like to suffer. But the natural consequence of its own inflation is suffering. It likes to be big, it likes to act powerful, but the more powerful it acts, the more it suffers and suffering is something it does not like. So the very inflation of the ego, the very rise of ego, the very increase of evil, is also a parallel increase in the urge to dissolve the evil, the suffering, the ego. The Lord doesn’t come from anywhere; the ego sees its own futility, its vanity and surrenders.
Sunday, 8 December 2024
Bhagavad Gita (Chapter – 4, Verse – 7)
Whenever there is rise in evil, whenever ignorance and arrogance rise, obviously the result is suffering. The Lord does not drop physically somewhere from the heavens. The metaphor must be understood. It does not mean when there will be people of certain kinds who would be behaving in evil ways then some avatar will descend from the skies. What it simply means is that whenever the ego inflates, the consequence is suffering and suffering itself calls for its cessation. You do not like to suffer. This call of cessation of suffering itself is the coming of the Lord.
Thursday, 5 December 2024
ETHICAL
censure
ˈसे̮न्श(र्)
written
verb
to tell somebody, in a strong and formal way, that he/she has done something wrong
अनुचित काम करने के लिए किसी की भर्त्सना करना
घोर निंदा, भर्त्सना
written
ˈरिट्न्
adjective
expressed on paper; not just spoken
लिखित रूप में व्यक्त (न कि मौखिक रूप में)
sober
ˈसोब(र्)
adjective
1.
(of a person) not affected by alcohol
not funny; serious
मज़ाक़िया नहीं; गंभीर
(of a colour) not bright or likely to be noticed
(रंग) चमकीला या भड़कीला नहीं; सौम्य
solicit
सˈलिसिट्
verb
1.
formal
to ask somebody for money, help, support, etc.
धन, सहायता, समर्थन आदि माँगना
ethical
ए̮थि़क्ल्
adjective
1.
connected with beliefs of what is right or wrong
उचित-अनुचित के विचार से संबंधित; नैतिक
That is an ethical problem.
That is an ethical problem.
2.
morally correct
नैतिक दृष्टि से उचित, नैतिकतापूर्ण
adjective. pertaining to or dealing with morals or the principles of morality; pertaining to right and wrong in conduct. being in accordance with the rules or standards for right conduct or practice, especially the standards of a profession: It was not considered ethical for physicians to advertise.
Wednesday, 4 December 2024
zooooooooooooot
Hum log zoot nahi bol skte yaar
Lekin hum zoot sun skte hai but there is a skill to catch this zoot.
Hum silent log hai
We are not violent type people.
Kr Bhai bakwas jitni krni hai utni.
Kuchh log hote hai jo jhut nahi bol skte or
Kuchh log hote hai jo sach bolna nahi chahte .
Hame kya Krna hai ?
MR ka zoot pakdna hai
Q for the benefit of the patient.
Hum zoot bol nahi skte lekin aap sach bhi to nahi bol rhe ho
Hum sirf Sach bol skte hai.
Tn zoot bolnu nahi h pn
w log tn yo zoot h yo (yo zoot nahi h) bol bol h.
Hunger is truth (sach m yar ghani bhuk lagi h)
You are hollow and empty is truth
There is void in you (with whatever you try to fill it, it's not going to become full.) void=gap=emptiness=vacancy
Your senses are hungry for knowledge
RAM NAM SATYA HAI.
BAKI SAB MITHYA HAI.
Jo RAM KA NAHI WI KISI KAM KA NAHI.
YE TERA KAM HAI -- YE TERI DUTY HAI -- YE TERA DHARMA HAI. (RELIGION) RIGHTEOUSNESS
EYE EXPERIMENT
CILIARY MUSCLE CONTRACT FOR NEAR VISION
CILIARY MUSCLE RELAX FOR DISTANT VISION
Mechanism:
- Normal Accommodation: The ciliary muscle contracts temporarily to allow the lens to thicken for near focus and then relaxes to flatten the lens for distant focus.
- Spasm of Accommodation: Persistent contraction of the ciliary muscle keeps the lens in a rounded state, reducing the eye's ability to relax for distant vision.
Cycloplegia
Cycloplegia refers to the paralysis of the ciliary muscle, resulting in the loss of accommodation. This prevents the lens from changing shape to focus on near objects, effectively rendering the eye focused only for distance vision.
Medical Representatives
Examples of Unethical Behavior
- Offering expensive gifts, free vacations, or monetary incentives.
- Exaggerating drug benefits or omitting critical safety data.
- Using false pretexts (e.g., fake surveys) to gain access to HCPs.
- Criticizing competitors’ products without evidence.
Tuesday, 3 December 2024
MANDL'S THROAT PAINT
medicinal preparation containing iodine.
Mnemonic for Mechanism
"Ions Denature Membranes and DNA"
- Ions: Oxidation by iodine ions.
- Denature: Proteins and enzymes are denatured.
- Membranes: Lipid damage increases permeability.
- DNA: Direct damage halts replication.
Oxidation of Cellular Components
- Iodine acts as a strong oxidizing agent.
- It disrupts the sulfhydryl (-SH) groups in enzymes and proteins of microorganisms, leading to the inactivation of these vital components.
- Sulfhydryl (-SH) groups, present in the amino acid cysteine, play a critical role in the structure and function of enzymes and proteins in microorganisms.
Basic Information
- Symbol: I
- Atomic Number: 53
- Physical State: A shiny, purple-black solid at room temperature that sublimates into a violet gas.
Forms of Iodine
- Elemental Iodine (I2): Used in antiseptics and laboratory settings.
- Povidone-Iodine: A stabilized form for medical applications.
- Potassium Iodide (KI): Used in supplements, radioprotection, and hyperthyroidism treatment.
- Lugol’s Solution: A mixture of iodine and potassium iodide for therapeutic uses.
Iodine (I₂) vs. Iodide (I⁻)
Iodine and iodide are two forms of the same element, but they differ in their chemical structure, properties, and uses. Here’s a comparison:
Iodine (I₂):
- Molecular form of iodine.
- Exists as a diatomic molecule (I₂).
- Neutral, non-ionized form.
- Insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents like alcohol.
Iodide (I⁻):
- Ionic form of iodine.
- A negatively charged ion.
- Water-soluble due to its ionic nature.
Biological Role
Iodine (I₂):
- Not directly used in the body; must be converted to iodide (I⁻) to participate in physiological processes.
Iodide (I⁻):
- Absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract.
- Taken up by the thyroid gland for the synthesis of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4).
5. Safety and Toxicity
Iodine (I₂):
- Direct exposure can irritate the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract.
- Overuse in antiseptics may lead to iodism (toxicity).
Iodide (I⁻):
- Safer for internal use.
- Chronic high doses can disrupt thyroid function (hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism).
Mnemonic to Remember
"Iodine for Outside, Iodide for Inside":
- Iodine (I₂): Topical and external antiseptic.
- Iodide (I⁻): Internal use for thyroid and deficiency treatment.
Mnemonic for Lugol's Iodine Uses
"Thyroid, Topical, Test"
- Thyroid: Hyperthyroidism, thyroid storm, radioprotection.
- Topical: Antiseptic for wounds and infections.
- Test: Schiller’s test for cervical health.
Mnemonic to Remember
"Lugol for the Thyroid, Mandl for the Mouth"
How Iodine Penetrates Microorganisms Quickly
Iodine's rapid penetration into microorganisms is due to its unique chemical properties and mechanism of action. Here's an explanation:
Molecular Size and Solubility
- Small Molecule: Iodine (I₂) is a small, non-polar molecule that can easily pass through cell membranes, especially lipid layers.
- Lipid Solubility: It dissolves well in the lipid bilayer of microbial membranes, facilitating quick entry into cells.
Oxidative Properties
- Iodine is a strong oxidizing agent.
- Once inside the microorganism:
- It reacts with and disrupts sulfhydryl (-SH) groups in proteins.
- It modifies nucleic acids, damaging DNA and RNA.
- These reactions occur rapidly, leading to microbial inactivation within seconds to minutes.
Disruption of Cell Membranes
- Iodine interacts with the lipids in microbial membranes, compromising their structural integrity.
- This increases membrane permeability, allowing further penetration and leakage of cellular contents.
Iodide Conversion
- In solutions (e.g., Lugol’s iodine or povidone-iodine), iodine dissociates into free iodine (I₂) and iodide ions (I⁻):
- Free Iodine (I₂): Penetrates rapidly due to its non-polar nature.
- Iodide (I⁻): Provides sustained action by continuously releasing iodine.
5. Synergistic Effects
- Iodine attacks multiple cellular targets simultaneously (proteins, enzymes, nucleic acids), overwhelming the microorganism and accelerating its destruction.
Mnemonic for Oxidation
"LEO the lion says GER"
- Loss of Electrons is Oxidation.
- Gain of Electrons is Reduction.
Why Iodine Is an Effective Oxidizing Agent
- Electronegativity: Iodine is sufficiently electronegative to accept electrons but less reactive than chlorine, making it safer for certain applications.
- Stability of Iodide (): Once reduced, iodide ions are stable in aqueous solutions.
What Does "Electronegativity" Mean?
Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract shared electrons toward itself in a chemical bond. It is a fundamental concept in chemistry that explains how atoms interact in molecules.
Mnemonic for Periodic Trend
"FONCl BrISCH"
- Fluorine > Oxygen > Nitrogen > Clorine > Bromine > Iodine > Sulfur > Carbon > Hydrogen.
This is the order of decreasing electronegativity for commonly encountered elements.
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